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¬ü°ê¬ì¾Ç«P¶i¨ó·|¡]American Association for the Advancement of Science¡^¬O¥@¬É³Ì¤jªº¬ì¾Ç®a²Õ´¡C¸Ó¨ó·|¥Xª©ªº¡m¬ì¾Ç¡n¶g¥Z¡A±q¾P¶q©M½è¶q¨Ó¬Ý¡A³£ºâ¬Oºî¦X¬ì¾ÇÂø»xªºÅv«Â¡C2005¦~7¤ë1¤é¡A¬°¬ö©À¸Ó¥Z¥Xª©125©P¦~¡A¥H¡§125ÓµLµª®×ªºÃøÃD¡¨¥X¤F¯S¥Z¡C³Ìªñ´X¤Q¦~¬ì¾Çªº¬ð¸²r¶i¡A½T¹êȱo¼y¶P¡C¦ý¬O¡A¬ì¾Ç®aÀ´±o¶V¦h¡A¤£¥i¸ÑÄÀªºÃøÃD¤]¶V¦h¡A¡m¬ì¾Ç¡n¶g¥Z¤£±o¤£»{¥i³o§xµ~ªº§½±¡C§Ų́ӬݴXӳ̫n©M³ÌÃøªºÃøÃD¡C ¤@¡B¦t©z¥Ñ¤°»ò²Õ¦¨¡]What is the Universe Made of¡^? ¦Û±q¤¤Q¦~«e¦t©z½Ï¥Í¡§¤jÃz¬µ½×¡¨¦¨¥ß¥H¨Ó¡A¬ì¾Ç¤w½T»{¦t©z¦³°_·½¡A©Ò¦³ª«½è³£±q¨º®É°_³vº¥¦X¦¨¡C¥i¬O¤µ¤Ñ²Õ¦¨¬P²y¤Ñªeªº¡B¥iª¾ªº´¶³qª«½è¡]ordinary matter¡^¡A¤£¨ì¦t©z¦s¦bª«½èªº5%¡C¬ì¾Ç®a¹ï¨º¥t¥~ªº95%ªºª«½è¤@µL©Òª¾¡A´NºÙ¥¦Ì¬°¡§·tª«½è¡¨¡]Dark Matter¡^¡C¤£»¡¨º¥¼ª¾ªºª«½è¡A´N³s³o5%¥iª¾ªºª«½è¡A¥Î³Ì±jªº¤Ñ¤å±æ»·Ãè¡A¤]¥u¯àÆ[¹î¨ì¨ä¤¤ªº¤Q¤À¤§¤@¡C ¤Ñ¤å¾Ç®aªñ¨Óµo²{¡A¤£¦ý¦t©z¤Þ¤O¬O¥Ñ¨º¨Ç¤£¥iª¾ªº¡§·tª«½è¡¨¥H¤Î¥¼ª¾ªº²É¤l¤ä°t¡A¦t©zªºµ²ºc¤]¬O¾a¥¦Ì¨î©w¡C³o¨Ç¤ä°t¦t©zµ²ºc©M¥¿Åªº¡§¯«¯µ¡¨¡]exotic¡^ª«½è¡A¤]¥u¦û¦t©z©Ò¦³ª«½èªº25%¡C ¤ñ·tª«½è§ó¯«¯µ¸U¤Àªº¡A¬O³Ñ¤Uªº70%¡A¬ì¾Ç®aºÙ¤§¬°¡§·t¯à¡¨¡]Dark Energy¡^ªºª«½è¡C¬ì¾Ç®a¤§©Ò¥HºÙ¨ä¬°¡§·t¯à¡¨¡A¬O¦]¬°³oºØ·¥¤jªº¯«¯µ¯à¶q¡A¥i¯à³y¦¨¤@ºØ¦t©z¶¡ªº¤Ï¤Þ¤O¡]Anti-gravity force¡^¡A¦³Ãz¯}¡]blow up¡^¦t©zªºÁͶաC¨ä¹ê¬ì¾Ç®a¹ï³o¡§·t¯à¡¨¤@µL©Òª¾¡A©Ó»{³o¬Oª«²z¾Ç¤¤³Ì§t½kªº°ÝÃD¡A©Ò¥HÃz¯}¤£Ãz¯}¤]¥u¬O°ª½ÍÁï½×¡C ¤U¤@¨B¡A°ßª«¥D¸qªÌ·|ºM°h¤U¨Ó¡A¦u½Ã¨º5%¥iª¾ªº´¶³qª«½è¡C±q¹Fº¸¤å®É¥N³Ì¦³¤OªºµL¯«½×¥Íª«¾Ç®a»®»\¡]Ernest Haeckel¡^¡A¨ì²{¥NªºµL¯«½×õ¾Ç®a¡A³£°í«H¥@¶¡ªº¤@¤Á¦s¦b³£¬Oª«½è²{¶H¡C ¹ï¦¹¡AC¾|¤j¾Çª¾¦Wª«²z¾Ç®a°¨¦N¿Õ¡]Henry Margenau¡^»¡¡A³oºØ°ßª«¬O±qªº·Qªk¡A¦b¡§¥H¤Ó¡¨¡]ether¡^³Q§P©w¬°«Dª«½è«á¡A´N¯}²£¤F¡C¹L¥h¡Aª«²z¾Ç®a»{¬°¥úªiªº´CÊ^¥H¤Ó¬O¤@ºØª«½è¡C²{¥Nª«²z¾Ç«o»{©w¡§¥H¤Ó¡¨¬JµLÊ^¿n¤SµL«¶q¡A¨Ã«Dª«½è¡C¦P¼Ë¡A©ñ®g¯à¡]radiation¡^©M¥ú¤l¡]photon¡^¡A³£¤£ºâª«½è¡C²{¥Nª«²zºÙ³o¨Ç«Dª«½è²{¶H¬°¡§³õ¡¨¡A¨Ò¦p¹q³õ©MºÏ³õ¡C¦¹¥~¡A¶q¤l¤O¾Ç©Ò¬ã¨sªº·§²v³õ¡]probability field¡^¡A«h§ó¬O¬JµL¯à¶q¡A¤S«Dª«½è¡C °¨¦N¿Õªºµ²½×¬O¡A³Q»{©w¬°ª«½èªº¡A©Ò¿×²É¤l¥²©w±a¦³ª«½èÄݩʪº»¡ªk¤w¸g¤j¦³°ÝÃD¤F¡C³o¨Ç©Ò¿×²É¤l¨Ã¤£¯à«O«ù¨ä즳ªºÄÝ©Ê¡A¨Ò¦p¦â±m¡B¦ì¸m©Î³t«×µ¥¡K¡K¡C¦]¦¹¡A¡§»®»\©M¨¯´¶´Ë¡]George Gaylord Simpson¡^«¬ªº°ßª«¥D¸q¤w¸g¦º¤`¡¨¡]µù1¡^¡C¡m¬ì¾Ç¡n¶g¥Z´¿»¡¡A¦t©z¶¡99%¥H¤Wªºª«½è¡A¤£¥i±æ§ó¤£¥i¤Î¡C²{¦b¡A°¨¦N¿Õ§ó»¡¨º³\¦h¥i±æ¥ç¥i¤Îªºª«½è¤]³£¬O«Dª«½è¡C¥L§â°ßª«¥D¸qªÌªºÀ𩳥þ«õªÅ¤F¡C §Ú̹ê¦bÀ³¸Ó¦P±¡¬ì¾Ç®a¡G¥LÌÆp¬ã²z½×¼o¹ì§ÑÀ\¡A§@¹êÅç´§ª÷¦p¤g¡Aµ²ªG¥uÀ´±o¦t©zª«½èªº5%¤¤ªº¤Q¤À¤§¤@¡C¦Ü¤_°ßª«¥D¸qªÌ¡A§ÚÌ´NÃø¥H¦P±¡¤F¡C¥LÌ¥Hª«½è¬°¤@¤Áª¾ÃѪº°_·½©M®Ú¾Ú¡A«ôª«½è¬°¯ª©v¡A¦Ó¥Bn¥H°ßª«¥D¸q¨Ó²Îªv¥@¬É¡C¬ì¾Ç¤@¤Ñ¤Ñµo¹F¡A¦t©zª«½è¤]¤@¤Ñ¤ÑÅܱo§ó¯«¯µ¡A°ßª«¥D¸qªÌªº¥ß¨¬¤§¦a¤]¤@¤Ñ¤ÑÁY¤p¡C¤]³\§ÚÌÀ³¸Ó¦P±¡¥L̪º©T°õµLª¾§a¡I ¤G¡B¡§ª¾Ä±¡¨ªº¥Íª«°ò¦¬O¤°»ò¡H¡]What is the Biological Basis of Consciousness¡^? 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Henry Margenau, The Miracle of Existence ¡]Boston: New Science Library, 1984¡^, p. 22-23. µ§ªÌ´¿¦b¡m®ü¥~®Õ¶é¡n²Ä55´Á³ø¾É¹L»®»\«§ï¬ì¾Ç¸ê®Æªº¤¡»D¡C¥Íª«¾Ç®a¨¯´¶´Ë¬O¤Ü¥@¬ö¶i¤Æ½×ªº¥Nªí¤Hª«¡C 2. Francis Crick, The Astonishing Hypothesis, The Scientific Search for the Soul, ¡]New York: Scribner, 1994¡^, p. 3. 3. Thomas Metzinger ¡]Editor¡^, Neural Correlates of Consciousness ¡]Cambridge: MIT Press, 2000¡^, p. 57. 4. Karl Popper and John Eccles, The Self and Its Brain, An Argument for Interactionism ¡]London: Routledge, 1977¡^, Chapter 7. °Ñ¦ÒJohn Eccles and Daniel Robinson, The Wonder of Being Human - Our Brain & Our Mind (New York: Free Press,1984). 5. John Eccles, etc., Nobel Prize Conversation ¡]San Francisco: Saybrook, 1985¡^, p. 65-66. 6. Roger Penrose, The Large, the Small, and the Human Mind ¡]Cambridge University Press, 1997¡^, p. 95. 7. John Horgan, The Undiscovered Mind, How the Human Brain Defies Replication, Medication, and Explanation ¡]New York: The Free Press, 1999¡^, p. 232-233. 8. °Ñ¾\ Gerald Schroeder, The Hidden Face of God, How Science Reveals the Ultimate Truth ¡]New York: The Free Press, 2001¡^ pp. 139-141.¡¼ §@ªÌ¨Ó¦Û¤W®ü¡A¼Æ¾Ç³Õ¤h¡A¬ü°êÁp¨¹¬F©²¸ê²`¼Æ¾Ç²Îp¾Ç®a¡C¡¼ ¡¼ |